Browsing University of Waterloo by Subject "Psychology"
Now showing items 141-160 of 224
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Overcoming acceptance insensitivity: Increasing low self-esteem individuals' perceptions of value to their partners
(University of Waterloo, 2008-05-09)People with low self-esteem (LSEs) often have doubts about how much their romantic partners love and value them. These doubts, which undermine their relationships, are difficult to overcome because LSEs tend to downplay ... -
Paralinguistic and Nonverbal Behaviour in Social Interactions: A Lens Model Perspective
(University of Waterloo, 2010-12-20)It is widely accepted in our society that people’s paralinguistic (i.e., non-semantic characteristics of the voice) and nonverbal (i.e., posture, gestures, and facial expressions) behaviours play an important role in ... -
Perceived Risk of Tobacco Products among Adult Tobacco Users in Bangladesh and India
(University of Waterloo, 2014-10-27)There is considerable evidence demonstrating that smokers underestimate or minimize their own perceived risk of harm from smoking, and that smokers’ perceptions of risk play a key role in their behaviour, notably quitting. ... -
Perceptions of Inevitability and the Motivated Rationalization of Social Inequality
(University of Waterloo, 2008-08-11)It is suggested that people’s perceptions that they are inevitably tied to the social systems within which they operate motivate them to justify these systems. Evidence is obtained across four experimental studies using a ... -
Perceptual and Memory Deficits in Unilateral Neglect
(University of Waterloo, 2015-08-26)Unilateral neglect is a disorder in which patients behave as if the left half of space has ceased to exist. The disorder typically arises from right hemisphere brain damage involving the inferior parietal and superior ... -
The persistence of compulsive checking: The role of distrust in attention and perception
(University of Waterloo, 2009-09-30)A growing literature suggests that individuals repeatedly check in part because they lack confidence in their memories for previously-completed actions. It has also been hypothesized that the cognitive distrust demonstrated ... -
The Power of Optimal Encoding: Distinctiveness and Differentiation Defeat Directed Forgetting
(University of Waterloo, 2008-06-25)The goal of this dissertation is to examine circumstances that encourage optimal encoding in memory. To accomplish this, several encoding manipulations were examined in the context of intentional forgetting. The typically ... -
The Power of Social Connections: Feelings of Connectedness Result in Sharing Goals, Emotions, and Intergroup Empathy
(University of Waterloo, 2011-04-15)The purpose of the following research was to test the prediction that a sense of social connectedness to a stranger would result in the tendency to share psychological states with him/her. An overview of the literature on ... -
Pragmatic language use, inhibitory control, and attention in typically-developing preschoolers
(University of Waterloo, 2015-08-28)Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by atypical levels of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, and which is estimated to affect approximately 5% of ... -
Predicting Smoking Behaviour Among Pregnant Smokers Using the Reasons Model and Self-Determination Theory
(University of Waterloo, 2008-05-06)The dangerous health effects of smoking during pregnancy and during the postpartum period are well-established, yet a significant proportion of pregnant women continue to smoke despite being aware of the health risks and ... -
Procrastination as Self-regulatory Failure: Habitual Avoidance and Inhibitory Control Moderate the Intention-Behaviour Relation for Unpleasant Tasks
(University of Waterloo, 2010-08-25)Recent conceptualizations of procrastination suggest that procrastination is akin to self-regulatory failure wherein the effect of good intentions is attenuated for individuals who tend to procrastinate. Some researchers ... -
Rain on My Parade: Perceiving Low Self-Esteem in Close Others Hinders Positive Self-Disclosure
(University of Waterloo, 2011-05-20)Ample evidence suggests that the behaviour of people with low self-esteem (LSEs) can lead to problems in close relationships (Wood, Hogle, & McClellan, 2009). To my knowledge, however, no research has investigated the role ... -
Rationalization and Regret among Smokers in Thailand and Malaysia
(University of Waterloo, 2007-01-11)The current study examines two psychological experiences—rationalization and regret—among smokers from Thailand and Malaysia and the behavioural impact of rationalization and regret—intentions to quit. More specifically, ... -
Reading Aloud in the Context of the Task Set Paradigm: New Perspectives
(University of Waterloo, 2011-12-21)In a series of five experiments I examined whether intention (as operationalized by task set) affects the processes involved in reading. The Task Set paradigm (Besner & Care, 2003) was used in all experiments. On each trial ... -
Reading aloud is not automatic: Processing capacity is required to generate a phonological code from print
(University of Waterloo, 2005)The process of generating a phonological code from print is widely described as automatic. This claim is tested in Chapter 1 by assessing whether phonological recoding uses central attention in the context of the ... -
Reading Aloud: Feedback is Never Necessary
(University of Waterloo, 2010-12-16)Since McClelland and Rumelhart (1981) introduced the concept of interactive activation (IA) to the field of visual word recognition, IA has been adopted by all of the major theoretical models of reading aloud. This widespread ... -
Reading Aloud: Qualitative Differences in the Relation between Stimulus Quality and Word Frequency as a Function of Context
(University of Waterloo, 2008-08-14)Virtually all theories of visual word recognition assume (typically implicitly) that when a pathway is used, processing within that pathway always unfolds in the same way. This view is challenged by the observation that ... -
Reading Your Counterpart: Culture, Meaning, and Function of Nonverbal Behaviour in Negotiation
(University of Waterloo, 2015-08-14)Literature on cross-cultural negotiation suggests that the challenges negotiators often face in intercultural interactions stem from miscommunication. While prior research examined verbal messages in this context, there ... -
Reasoned connections: Complex creativity and dual-process theories of cognition
(University of Waterloo, 2014-08-28)Creativity is one of the most imperative of all psychological constructs to study, for the implications of understanding creativity have immense bearing upon our future as a species. Understanding creativity can reveal not ... -
Recognizing discrimination explicitly while denying it implicitly: Implicit social identity protection
(University of Waterloo, 2010-05-19)Past research suggests that members of devalued groups recognize their group is discriminated against. Do the implicit responses of members of these groups demonstrate the same pattern? I argue that they do not and that ...