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Evaluation of mercury stabilization mechanisms by sulfurized biochars determined using X-ray absorption spectroscopy

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dc.contributor.authorLiu, Peng
dc.contributor.authorPtacek, Carol J.
dc.contributor.authorElena, Krista M. A.
dc.contributor.authorBlowes, David W.
dc.contributor.authorGould, W. Douglas
dc.contributor.authorFinfrock, Y. Zou
dc.contributor.authorWang, Alana O.
dc.contributor.authorLandis, Richard C.
dc.date.accessioned2018-01-12T19:39:03Z
dc.date.available2018-01-12T19:39:03Z
dc.date.issued2018-04-05
dc.descriptionThe final publication is available at Elsevier via http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.12.051 © 2018. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/en
dc.description.abstractThe application of biochar to treat mercury (Hg) in the environment is being proposed on an increasing basis due to its widespread availability and cost effectiveness. However, the efficiency of Hg removal by biochars is variable due to differences in source material composition. In this study, a series of batch tests were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of sulfurized biochars (calcium polysulfide and a dimercapto-related compound, respectively) for Hg removal; Hg-loaded biochars were then characterized using synchrotron-based techniques. Concentrations of Hg decreased by >99.5% in solutions containing the sulfurized biochars. Sulfur X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) analyses indicate a polysulfur-like structure in polysulfide-sulfurized biochar and a thiol-like structure (shifted compared to dimercapto) in the dimercapto-sulfurized biochar. Micro-X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) mapping and confocal X-ray micro-fluorescence imaging (CXMFI) analyses indicate Hg is distributed primarily on the edges of sulfurized biochar and throughout unmodified biochar particles. Hg extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) analyses show Hg in enriched areas is bound to chlorine (Cl) in the unmodified biochar and to S in sulfurized biochars. These results indicate that Hg removal efficiency is enhanced after sulfurization through the formation of strong bonds (Hg-S) with S-functional groups in the sulfurized biochars.en
dc.description.sponsorshipNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company Canada Research Chair programen
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.12.051
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10012/12855
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherElsevieren
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/*
dc.subjectBiocharen
dc.subjectConfocal X-ray micro-fluorescence imagingen
dc.subjectMercuryen
dc.subjectPolysulfuren
dc.subjectX-ray absorption spectroscopyen
dc.titleEvaluation of mercury stabilization mechanisms by sulfurized biochars determined using X-ray absorption spectroscopyen
dc.typeArticleen
dcterms.bibliographicCitationLiu, P., Ptacek, C. J., Elena, K. M. A., Blowes, D. W., Gould, W. D., Finfrock, Y. Z., … Landis, R. C. (2018). Evaluation of mercury stabilization mechanisms by sulfurized biochars determined using X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 347, 114–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2017.12.051en
uws.contributor.affiliation1Faculty of Scienceen
uws.contributor.affiliation2Earth and Environmental Sciencesen
uws.peerReviewStatusRevieweden
uws.scholarLevelFacultyen
uws.typeOfResourceTexten

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