Deceived by Immersion: A Systematic Analysis of Deceptive Design in Extended Reality
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Date
2024-05-14
Authors
Hadan, Hilda
Choong, Lydia
Zhang-Kennedy, Leah
Nacke, Lennart
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Association for Computing Machinery
Abstract
The well-established deceptive design literature has focused on conventional user interfaces. With the rise of extended reality (XR), understanding deceptive design’s unique manifestations in this immersive domain is crucial. However, existing research lacks a full, cross-disciplinary analysis that analyzes how XR technologies enable new forms of deceptive design. Our study reviews the literature on deceptive design in XR environments. We use thematic synthesis to identify key themes. We found that XR’s immersive capabilities and extensive data collection enable subtle and powerful manipulation strategies. We identified eight themes outlining these strategies and discussed existing countermeasures. Our findings show the unique risks of deceptive design in XR, highlighting implications for researchers, designers, and policymakers. We propose future research directions that explore unintentional deceptive design, data-driven manipulation solutions, user education, and the link between ethical design and policy regulations.
Description
Keywords
deceptive design, dark pattern, user manipulation, extended reality, virtual reality, augmented reality, mixed reality