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dc.contributor.authorGourley, Storm William D.
dc.contributor.authorOr, Tyler
dc.contributor.authorChen, Zhongwei
dc.date.accessioned2022-02-01 21:35:00 (GMT)
dc.date.available2022-02-01 21:35:00 (GMT)
dc.date.issued2020-09
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2020.101505
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10012/18029
dc.description.abstractThe exponential growth in demand for electric vehicles (EVs) necessitates increasing supplies of low-cost and high-performance lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Naturally, the ramp-up in LIB production raises concerns over raw material availability, where constraints can generate severe price spikes and bring the momentum and optimism of the EV market to a halt. Particularly, the reliance of cobalt in the cathode is concerning owing to its high cost, scarcity, and centralized and volatile supply chain structure. However, compositions suitable for EV applications that demonstrate high energy density and lifetime are all reliant on cobalt to some degree. In this work, we assess the necessity and feasibility of developing and commercializing cobalt-free cathode materials for LIBs. Promising cobalt-free compositions and critical areas of research are highlighted, which provide new insight into the role and contribution of cobalt.en
dc.description.sponsorshipNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada || University of Waterloo.en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherElsevieren
dc.relation.ispartofseriesiScience;
dc.rightsAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/*
dc.subjectenergy storageen
dc.subjectenergy materialsen
dc.titleBreaking Free from Cobalt Reliance in Lithium-Ion Batteriesen
dc.typeArticleen
dcterms.bibliographicCitationGourley, S. W. D., Or, T., & Chen, Z. (2020). Breaking Free from Cobalt Reliance in Lithium-Ion Batteries. IScience, 23(9), 101505. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2020.101505en
uws.contributor.affiliation1Faculty of Engineeringen
uws.contributor.affiliation2Chemical Engineeringen
uws.typeOfResourceTexten
uws.peerReviewStatusRevieweden
uws.scholarLevelFacultyen
uws.scholarLevelGraduateen


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