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dc.contributor.authorHuang, Zhicheng
dc.contributor.authorLiu, Biwu
dc.contributor.authorLiu, Juewen
dc.date.accessioned2017-04-28 16:12:05 (GMT)
dc.date.available2017-04-28 16:12:05 (GMT)
dc.date.issued2016-11-15
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03253
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10012/11808
dc.descriptionThis document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Langmuir, © 2016 American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by publisher. To access the final edited and published work see Huang, Z., Liu, B., & Liu, J. (2016). Parallel Polyadenine Duplex Formation at Low pH Facilitates DNA Conjugation onto Gold Nanoparticles. Langmuir, 32(45), 11986–11992. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03253en
dc.description.abstractDNA-functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been extensively used in sensing, drug delivery, and materials science. A key step is to attach DNA to AuNPs, forming a stable and functional conjugate. Although the traditional salt-aging method takes a full day or longer, a recent low-pH method allows DNA conjugation in a few minutes. The effect of low pH was attributed to the protonation of adenine (A) and cytosine (C), resulting in an overall lower negative charge density on DNA. In this work, the effect of DNA conformation at low pH is studied. Using circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, the parallel poly-A duplex (A-motif) is detected when a poly-A segment is linked to a random DNA, a design typically used for DNA conjugation. A DNA staining dye, thiazole orange, is identified for detecting such A-motifs. The A-motif structure is ideal for DNA conjugation because it exposes the thiol group to directly react with the gold surface while minimizing nonspecific DNA base adsorption. For nonthiolated DNA, the optimal procedure is to incubate DNA and AuNPs followed by lowering the pH. The i-motif formed by poly-C DNA at low pH is less favorable to the conjugation reaction because of its unique way of folding. The stability of poly-A and poly-G DNA at low pH is examined. An excellent stability of poly-A DNA is confirmed, but poly-G has lower stability. This study provides new fundamental insights into a practically useful technique of conjugating DNA to AuNPs.en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherAmerican Chemical Societyen
dc.subjectSingle-Stranded-DNAen
dc.subjectA-Motif Formationen
dc.subjectThiolated DNAen
dc.subjectCircular-Dichroismen
dc.subjectNonthiolated DNAen
dc.subjectNanostructuresen
dc.subjectAdsorptionen
dc.subjectFunctionalizationen
dc.subjectNanomaterialsen
dc.subjectDensityen
dc.titleParallel Polyadenine Duplex Formation at Low pH Facilitates DNA Conjugation onto Gold Nanoparticlesen
dc.typeArticleen
dcterms.bibliographicCitationHuang, Z., Liu, B., & Liu, J. (2016). Parallel Polyadenine Duplex Formation at Low pH Facilitates DNA Conjugation onto Gold Nanoparticles. Langmuir, 32(45), 11986–11992. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03253en
uws.contributor.affiliation1Faculty of Scienceen
uws.contributor.affiliation2Chemistryen
uws.contributor.affiliation3Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology (WIN)en
uws.typeOfResourceTexten
uws.peerReviewStatusRevieweden
uws.scholarLevelFacultyen


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