From Suburban to Urban: Increasing Density and Housing Adaptability via Small-Scale Infill Development in Medium Sized Cities.

Abstract

Abstract The combination of the drastic rise in housing prices and the post-pandemic emergence of remote work, has resulted in population migration from densely populated urban centres to smaller scale suburban communities across Canada. These communities have faced the challenge of dramatic population growth alongside unprecedented increases in real estate prices. One such community that has experienced an influx of resident migration post 2020 is Brantford, Ontario, located approximately one hour from Toronto. A challenge for Brantford as well as other suburban communities is how to integrate new housing into existing infrastructure while continuing to provide a variety of housing options for its population. In response to population growth, cities often resort to developing single-use dwelling types that respond to narrow demographics and static stages of life. Examples of this are large single family homes, townhouses and condominium towers. In response to the limitations of these common strategies, this thesis will investigate the ability of centrally located original neighbourhoods in medium sized cities to absorb population growth via small scale infill development. Brantford’s historic Holmedale neighbourhood will serve as the location for this investigation as well as a template for similar neighbourhoods in comparable Ontario cities. The main objective of this investigation is to create building prototypes that increase density, mixed-use possibilities and housing options in low density residential neighbourhoods, as a strategy to increase affordability and residential density. The proposed prototypes will also endeavour to address the need for adaptive re-use to accommodate ever evolving neighbourhood demographics. To support the feasibility of the prototypes, this thesis will employ a variety of methods. It will begin with a brief synopsis of Ontario’s housing crisis, accompanied by reviews of topical literature, common housing typologies and development strategies. Following this, the research will investigate target demographics and identification of neighbourhoods that are best suited for densification. Subsequently, an investigation of design parameters will be conducted to understand constraints and resultant design opportunities. Once parameters are defined, the thesis will illustrate the design of six prototypes and explain their features. To enhance the credibility of these design proposals, a study in resultant densification statistics will be investigated, demonstrating the ability of the prototypes to absorb population growth in Brantford. The applicability of the prototypes will be tested in similar neighbourhoods in Cambridge, Kitchener and Guelph demonstrating their adaptability to a variety of locations experiencing similar housing challenges. Finally, the research will assess the financial feasibility of multiple prototype variations, demonstrating their capacity to provide a greater variety of financial options that enhance affordability.