Aging-related technologies: A multiple case study of innovation processes

Abstract

Introduction: As part of a Canadian research network focused on aging and technology – Aging Gracefully across Environments using technology to support Wellness, Engagement, and Long Life (AGE-WELL) – this thesis explored how technologies currently being developed to support older adults and their caregivers fare through the processes of innovation. This included an exploration of the factors that might facilitate or constrain these new technologies from their initial development to implementation, as well as any policy, regulatory and/or health system issues that may be relevant. Methods: A multiple case study was conducted of four AGE-WELL technology projects. For each, data were collected through: interviews with project members and key stakeholders (n=20); surveys (n=4); ethnographic observations at each project site (n=4); and document reviews. Data were analyzed using directed coding, guided by the ADOPT (Accelerating Diffusion of Proven Technologies for Older Adults) framework (Wang et al., 2010). The results were compared across sites using a cross-case analysis. Results: Challenges related to the initial stages of the work included obtaining ethics clearance, recruitment of study participants, and getting small-scale studies completed. Challenges were also experienced in creating business models – including uncertainties around who might benefit from or pay for the technologies. Facilitators included collaboration among stakeholders (e.g. clinicians, industry, end-users) and support from the AGE-WELL network to form partnerships. Conclusions: Technologies have the potential to help older adults maintain their independence, health and quality of life. Understanding the factors that facilitate or constrain the development and implementation of these types of technologies can help promote their diffusion and adoption.