The Integration of Green Infrastructure and Intensification, the Case of Greater Toronto Area

Abstract

This dissertation explores the integration of green infrastructure (GI) and urban intensification within the Greater Toronto Area (GTA). It investigates how blending GI with intensification can create sustainable urban environments amidst rapid urbanization. The study begins by examining the challenges posed by suburban development, characterized by low density, automobile reliance, and significant environmental impact. It highlights the potential of sustainable planning models, particularly GI and intensification, to address these challenges through compact settlement, public transit promotion, and the development of green spaces. The research identifies the common sustainability goals of GI and intensification, despite their different approaches and strategies. It outlines the historical evolution of these models and the emergence of environmental concerns that shaped contemporary GI policies. The dissertation further categorizes the goals and strategies of GI and intensification into urban life, urban efficiency, and urban environment, providing a detailed comparison and identifying opportunities for their integration. Through a mixed-methods approach, including case studies of Downtown Mississauga and Markham Centre, literature review, interviews, and direct observations, the research explores the GI design guidelines in areas undergoing intensification. It emphasizes the importance of connectivity in both GI and pedestrian networks to enhance urban sustainability and livability. The study proposes design guidelines for integrating GI and pedestrian connectivity in intensified urban areas, aiming to improve ecosystem services, walkability, and the overall appeal of the built environment. The findings contribute to the body of knowledge on sustainable urban planning by offering practical solutions for blending GI and intensification. The proposed design guidelines are intended to support policymakers, urban planners, and designers in creating multifunctional urban spaces that balance high-density development with the preservation and enhancement of GI. This dissertation underscores the significance of integrating natural and built environments to achieve resilient and livable cities.