Engineering Effective Hamiltonians for Magnetic Resonance

dc.contributor.authorHaas, Holger
dc.date.accessioned2019-07-22T16:54:51Z
dc.date.available2019-07-22T16:54:51Z
dc.date.issued2019-07-22
dc.date.submitted2019-07-03
dc.description.abstractEffective Hamiltonian engineering is a powerful technique that utilises time-dependent perturbation theory to suppress or enhance certain effects that arise from otherwise weak Hamiltonian terms, when an experimenter attempts to control the evolution of a quantum system. With this thesis we conduct theoretical, numerical and experimental explorations of two somewhat different kinds of effective Hamiltonian engineering in magnetic resonance, aimed at elongating spin coherence times and increasing spin polarization. First, we provide a general framework for computing arbitrary time-dependent perturbation theory terms relevant for effective Hamiltonian engineering, as well as their gradients with respect to control variations, that immediately enables the use of gradient methods for optimizing these terms. We demonstrate the method in various numerical control engineering examples, including decoupling, recoupling, and robustness to control errors and stochastic errors. We then utilize the method in high-resolution nanoscale magnetic resonance experiments that use high-sensitivity silicon nanowire based force detection. With our numerically engineered control sequences, that are optimized to suppress spin decoherence under dipolar and chemical shift Hamiltonians, we achieve an increase by a factor of 500 in the proton spin coherence time for low-temperature, (50-nm)^3 polystyrene sample. We harness the enhanced spin coherence times for magnetic resonance imaging experiments on the nanoscale, and achieve one-dimensional imaging resolution below 2 nm on the same sample. Secondly, we study low-temperature, high magnetic field nuclear hyperpolarization of phosphorus donor nuclei in isotopically enriched 28-silicon crystal irradiated with nonresonant above band gap laser light. We demonstrate hyperpolarization with a time constant of 51.5 s, and introduce a phonon-mediated effective Hamiltonian model detailing the process. We verify our model by designing and conducting a series of magnetic resonance experiments.en
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10012/14818
dc.language.isoenen
dc.pendingfalse
dc.publisherUniversity of Waterlooen
dc.subjectmagnetic resonanceen
dc.subjectquantum informationen
dc.subjectquantum controlen
dc.subjecteffective Hamiltoniansen
dc.subjectaverage Hamiltonian theoryen
dc.subjectcontrol optimizationen
dc.subjectdonor defects in siliconen
dc.titleEngineering Effective Hamiltonians for Magnetic Resonanceen
dc.typeDoctoral Thesisen
uws-etd.degreeDoctor of Philosophyen
uws-etd.degree.departmentPhysics and Astronomyen
uws-etd.degree.disciplinePhysics (Quantum Information)en
uws-etd.degree.grantorUniversity of Waterlooen
uws.contributor.advisorCory, David
uws.contributor.affiliation1Faculty of Scienceen
uws.peerReviewStatusUnrevieweden
uws.published.cityWaterlooen
uws.published.countryCanadaen
uws.published.provinceOntarioen
uws.scholarLevelGraduateen
uws.typeOfResourceTexten

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