Browsing Psychology by Subject "memory"
Now showing items 1-20 of 23
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Age-related changes in the neural and cognitive processes relating to memory retrieval under conditions of full and divided attention.
(University of Waterloo, 2006)We examined the neural and cognitive processes engaged during auditory verbal recognition performance under full attention (FA) and divided attention (DA) conditions in younger and older adults. Recognition was disrupted ... -
BELIEVABLE BUT NOT MEMORABLE: EXAMINING THE INTERACTION BETWEEN THE BELIEVABILITY AND MEMORABILITY OF EVIDENCE AS IT AFFECTS INFERENCES
(University of Waterloo, 2007-09-27)Dual-process theories of reasoning (e.g., Gilbert, 1991; Stanovich & West, 1997) posit that decisions are mediated by two cognitive systems: a fast and automatic system which sometimes relies on past knowledge, and a ... -
Choosing what to read out loud while studying: The role of agency in production
(University of Waterloo, 2020-11-20)Both the acts of reading aloud (the production effect) and of making a choice are known to be beneficial for memory, however these benefits are yet to be established outside of typical laboratory settings. In this dissertation, ... -
Context reinstatement reconsidered: Investigating boundary conditions of the effect
(University of Waterloo, 2020-09-23)The context reinstatement (CR) effect suggests that target items are easier to recognize when encoding and retrieval contexts are matched. In this PhD thesis, I manipulated features of the target and the context, in ... -
Destination Memory: Stop Me If I Told You This Already
(University of Waterloo, 2008-08-21)Consider a common social interaction: Two people must each attend to and remember the other person’s behaviour while also keeping track of their own responses. Knowledge of what one said to whom is important for subsequent ... -
Drawing as an Encoding Tool: Generalizing to Emotional and More Complex Stimuli
(University of Waterloo, 2021-08-27)Drawing, as an encoding strategy has been shown to provide robust memory benefits primarily to memory for list of words. Past research has also shown that emotional compared to neutral information is typically better ... -
The effect of anxiety on memory accuracy, response time, and confidence
(University of Waterloo, 2014-08-29)Anxiety is an emotional state that has been associated with negative outcomes on cognitive tasks, as well as low confidence in responses, specifically in the domain of long-term memory. The following series of experiments ... -
Emotional Encoding Context Leads to Memory Bias in Individuals with High Anxiety
(MDPI, 2018-01)We investigated whether anxious individuals, who adopt an inherently negative mindset, demonstrate a particularly salient memory bias for words tainted by negative contexts. To this end, sequentially presented target words, ... -
Examining the neural, behavioural, and social responses associated with affective self-referential processing in adults and children.
(University of Waterloo, 2022-07-08)Information processing biases favouring self- compared to other-referential and positive compared to negative stimuli are theorized to be healthy, adaptive outcomes of well-regulated attention. Within the lab, self-referential ... -
The Influence of Study Context on Recollection: Cognitive, Neural, and Age-Related Processes
(University of Waterloo, 2009-08-20)This thesis examines how the context in which an item is studied affects the phenomenological experience of the rememberer. Previous research has extensively studied how the match between study and test context affect ... -
Inter-item associations and memory for order
(University of Waterloo, 2015-08-26)Remembering the order in which a sequence of events occurred can be an invaluable function of memory. Although important, the quality of memory for order information has been shown to be significantly affected by the way ... -
The interaction between retrieval and encoding processes in memory
(University of Waterloo, 2011-09-30)In memory, encoding and retrieval are often conceived of as two separate processes. However, there is substantial evidence to suggest that this view is wrong—that they are instead highly interdependent processes. One recent ... -
Interfering With Memory Retrieval: The Cost of Doing Two Things at Once
(University of Waterloo, 2014-04-29)A dual-task paradigm was used to infer the processes critical for episodic memory retrieval by measuring susceptibility to memory interference from different distracting tasks. Research suggests that retrieval interference ... -
Is Free Recall Actually Superior to Cued Recall? Introducing the Recognized Recall Procedure to Examine the Costs and Benefits of Cueing
(University of Waterloo, 2011-08-10)A vast literature and our own common sense tell us that free recall (i.e., recalling information without hints) is harder and less successful than cued recall (i.e., recalling information with hints). In this dissertation, ... -
Long-Term Consequences of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Younger Adults on Cognitive Performance and Emotional Regulation: Comparisons with Older Adults
(University of Waterloo, 2023-08-28)Concussions, or mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI), are common and seemingly innocuous. However, even long after individuals experience a mTBI they often report psychological consequences such as fatigue, unstable mood, ... -
Mechanisms of the Aging-Related Positivity Effect in Memory and Attention
(University of Waterloo, 2012-05-16)According to the Socioemotional Selectivity Theory (SST), the normal aging process is associated with a greater emphasis on self-regulation of emotional states, and this fosters a bias in cognitive processing for information ... -
Memory Bias for Threat-Related Information in Social Anxiety
(University of Waterloo, 2018-08-03)Biases in what is committed to memory and ultimately remembered are a key feature in individuals plagued by high levels of social anxiety. By selectively remembering the unfavourable aspects of past social situations, early ... -
On the effects of offloading memory on memory performance
(University of Waterloo, 2020-07-06)The use of external aids to reduce cognitive demands is known as cognitive offloading. I present five preregistered experiments aimed at better understanding the effects of cognitive offloading on memory performance. The ... -
On the mnemonic benefits of drawing
(University of Waterloo, 2017-08-02)Researchers have long sought to explore means through which the amount, and quality of information one is able to remember can be improved. Attention has been paid variously to multimodal encoding, visual learning, and ... -
The Power of Optimal Encoding: Distinctiveness and Differentiation Defeat Directed Forgetting
(University of Waterloo, 2008-06-25)The goal of this dissertation is to examine circumstances that encourage optimal encoding in memory. To accomplish this, several encoding manipulations were examined in the context of intentional forgetting. The typically ...