Yudoko, Gatot2006-07-282006-07-2820002000http://hdl.handle.net/10012/531This study has four main objectives: to provide a synthesis of ideas and facts concerning municipal solid waste planning and management (MSWPM) including concepts and practices relating to integrated resources and environmental planning and management, and urban planning and management in developing countries; to propose a conceptual framework of integrated municipal solid waste planning and management (IMSWPM) for developing countries; to analyze and evaluate the potential of IMSWPM in the Municipality of Bandung, Indonesia; and to suggest recommendations for implementation in the municipality. Four data collection methods were employed in completing this study: interviews, questionnaires, field observations, and reviews of documentary materials. Problems of municipal solid waste planning and management in developing countries are multiple and interrelated. The conventional approach which focuses on collection, transportation, and disposal activities and has a primary goal of technical efficiency in service provision, is no longer appropriate because it is unlikely that this approach will be able to deal with those complex problems. Involvement and participation from various actors other than the local cleaning authorities is called for. Partnerships of stakeholders become necessary. The increasingly complex issues associated with MSWPM and the inability of the conventional approach to deal with them lead to the necessity of an integrated approach. From this study, IMSWPM is concluded to be an appropriate approach and it should be implemented immediately in the Municipality of Bandung for the following reasons: it fits the multiple and complex problems of MSWPM in the municipality; to some degree, it also fits the existing practices for waste management that include waste reduction and reuse, source separation, service provision, recycling, composting, and safe disposal; and the approach is in line with stakeholders' vision regarding an integrated approach to MSWPM. This study indicates that technical guidelines for waste reduction and reuse by households prepared by the Directorate General of Human Settlement Development (DJCK) are simple and therefore should be easy to implement. Waste reduction is still unknown, while reuse has been part of households' tradition. Technical guidelines for source separation by households and communities included in a mayor's instruction are simple and should be operationally feasible. Source separation was supported by households, neighbourhood chiefs, university students, and many government institutions. The existing scheme in service provision, involving local community organizations and the municipal cleaning enterprise (PDK-Bandung), has been enforced through a municipal law. The proposed recycling sites should be socially acceptable because they gather waste pickers at certain sites and avoid opposition from residents and municipal officials. Although supported by waste pickers, these sites are technically and financially infeasible. Despite lack of legal support, community-level composting can be operationally feasible as it was considered to be socially acceptable. Municipal-level composting with simple windrow technology has been practiced by PDK-Bandung and its sustainability depends largely on the availability and continuity of compost demands. All three final disposal sites owned and operated by PDK-Bandung were designed and built as sanitary landfills. The sustainability of sanitary landfill will depend on sufficient funds and law enforcement for proper operations. Major tasks for successful implementation of IMSWPM in the Municipality of Bandung include: finding initiators-promoters of IMSWPM; promoting IMSWPM to key officials of the municipal government and PDK-Bandung; seeking political support from the mayor; establishing partnerships of stakeholders that include governments, the private sector, the public, non-governmental organizations, and foreign agencies; encouraging DJCK to publicize technical guidelines about 4Rs (reduce, reuse, replace, recycle); persuading PDK-Bandung to incorporate waste reduction and reuse and composting as part of its long-term (master) plan; persuading the Department of Health to abandon its policy regarding waste burning; asking the municipal government to raise the existing service fees by 20% and to provide more subsidies to PDK-Bandung; asking the Department of Industry and Trade to ban imports of wastes; and finding sponsors to support promotion of composting. Barriers to implementation of IMSWPM in Bandung include lack of coordination capability of government institutions, institutional bureaucracy, difficulties in gaining the local community's support, and politics. Despite these obstacles, IMSWPM has a good chance of success because of timely opportunities which include Indonesia's Agenda 21, the policy draft on 4Rs, the pilot project at the integrated final disposal site of PDK-Bandung, the City Development Strategy (CDS) Project, and support from stakeholders.application/pdf16656112 bytesapplication/pdfenCopyright: 2000, Yudoko, Gatot. All rights reserved.Harvested from Collections CanadaDoctoral Thesis