This thesis describes the design, development, and implementation of a pulsed source of polarization-entangled photons using spontaneous parametric down-conversion in a Sagnac interferometer. A tangle of 0.9286 ± 0.0015, ...

Gauge-string duality has provided a powerful framework for the study of strongly coupled gauge theories and non-perturbative string models. This thesis analyzes the holographic description of non-local ...

Superconducting circuits have recently become a major contender for the implementation of quantum computers owing to their compatibility with existing microchip fabrication technologies. Their utility stems largely from ...

Interference has long been used for precision measurement of path-length changes. Since the advent of the laser, interference has become one of the most versatile tools in metrology. Specifically, ultra-short laser pulses ...

Building a quantum computer is a formidable challenge. In this thesis, we focus on two projects, which tackle very different aspects of quantum computation, and yet still share a common goal in hopefully getting us closer ...

This thesis describes a linear-optical device for performing generalized quantum measurements on quantum bits (qubits) encoded in photon polarization, the implementation of said device, and its use in two diff erent but ...

The main results of this thesis fall in to two areas, firstly quantum reference frames as a resource for quantum computations and secondly quantum algorithms. The results relating to quantum references consider their scaling ...

Several magnetic materials, in the first approximation, can be described by idealised theoretical models, such as classical Ising or Heisenberg spin systems, and, to some extent, such models are able to qualitatively expose ...

Using the AdS/CFT correspondence, we study the anisotropic transport properties of both supersymmetric and non-supersymmetric matter fields on (2+1)-dimensional defects coupled to a (3+1)-dimensional N=4 SYM "heat bath". ...

The idea of half-metallic ferromagnets was first introduced by de Groot et al. in 1983 based on their calculations. The density of state at the Fermi level for half-metallic ferromagnet is completely polarized, meaning ...