Browsing Psychology by Title
Now showing items 358-377 of 577
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The Nature of Representations of Number in Early Childhood: Numerical Comparison as a Case Study
(University of Waterloo, 2015-01-23)What is the nature of non-verbal representations of number? Broadly speaking, non-verbal representations of number can be divided into two categories: representations of particular numerosities and representations of ... -
Negative Encoding Contexts Create a Downstream Memory Advantage for Foils
(University of Waterloo, 2017-08-31)Research has suggested that during a recognition test, we re-enter the mode of processing engaged at encoding to help constrain our memory search during retrieval (Jacoby, Shimizu, Daniels, & Rhodes, 2005). A by-product ... -
Neural bases of eye and gaze processing: The core of social cognition
(Elsevier, 2009-02-24)Eyes and gaze are very important stimuli for human social interactions. Recent studies suggest that impairments in recognizing face identity, facial emotions or in inferring attention and intentions of others could be ... -
Neural processing of fearful and happy facial expressions during emotion-relevant and emotion-irrelevant tasks: A fixation-to-feature approach
(Elsevier, 2016-09-01)Research suggests an important role of the eyes and mouth for discriminating facial expressions of emotion. A gaze-contingent procedure was used to test the impact of fixation to facial features on the neural response to ... -
Neural Processing of Fearful and Happy Facial Expressions: Effects of Fixation to Facial Features and Task Demands
(University of Waterloo, 2015-11-25)The current literature regarding the time course of facial expression processing is inconsistent and early emotion effects are debated. Facial expressions are well-known to be characterized by “diagnostic” facial features ... -
The neural systems for perceptual updating
(Elsevier, 2018-04-01)In a constantly changing environment we must adapt to both abrupt and gradual changes to incoming information. Previously, we demonstrated that a distributed network (including the anterior insula and anterior cingulate ... -
Noise reduction limits the McGurk Effect
(University of Waterloo, 2011-08-02)In the McGurk Effect (McGurk & MacDonald, 1976), a visual depiction of a speaker silently mouthing the syllable [ga]/[ka] is presented concurrently with the auditory input [ba]/[pa], resulting in “fused” [da]/[ta] being ... -
Non-erotic thoughts and sexual functioning in a community sample: Associations with thought content, affect and attentional control
(University of Waterloo, 2009-08-28)According to Barlow’s model of sexual dysfunction (1986; Sbrocco & Barlow, 1996), anxiety in sexual situations leads to attentional focus on sexual performance at the expense of erotic cues, which compromises sexual arousal. ... -
Normative Age-Related Individual Differences in Executive Functioning and its Impact on Quality of Life and Mood in Aging Couples
(University of Waterloo, 2013-08-29)With the aging of society and increased longevity, understanding the factors that contribute to declines in quality of life and mood, such as normative health declines and cognitive declines is progressively more important. ... -
Not all syllogisms are created equal: Varying premise believability reveals differences between conditional and categorical syllogisms
(University of Waterloo, 2011-08-10)Deductive reasoning is a fundamental cognitive skill, and consequently has been the focus of much research over the past several decades. In the realm of syllogistic reasoning—judging the validity of a conclusion given two ... -
Not so fast: Individual differences in impulsiveness are only a modest predictor of cognitive reflection
(Elsevier, 2020-02-01)The extent to which a person engages in reflective thinking while problem-solving is often measured using the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT; Frederick, 2005). Some past research has attributed poorer performance on the ... -
The Numerical Distance Effect and Math Achievement: Assessing the validity of magnitude comparison paradigms
(University of Waterloo, 2016-02-09)The numerical distance effect (NDE) is the inverse relationship between response times and the distance between two numbers in numerical magnitude comparison tasks. This robust effect has been obtained using multiple ... -
On Diversity Climate in Organizations
(University of Waterloo, 2019-12-10)Diversity climate, the extent to which workers perceive that organizations’ personnel practices are fair and successful in integrating diverse personnel, is of immense interest to both scholars and practitioners in ... -
On Obsessions: A Phenomenology of Doubt, Images, and the Obsessive-Compulsive Chronological Structure in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
(University of Waterloo, 2020-04-22)Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating disorder that is heterogeneous in presentation and difficult to treat. Nearly half of treatment-seeking individuals do not benefit fully from therapy, and success rates ... -
On the Causes and Consequences of Abusive Supervision
(University of Waterloo, 2016-04-22)Abusive supervision is a growing problem confronting organizations. In this dissertation, across two essays, I examine both the causes and the consequences of abusive supervision. In Essay 1, I answer the question when and ... -
On the Determinants of Effort
(University of Waterloo, 2017-07-04)That humans configure their behaviors in ways to avoid effortful actions is undoubtedly one of the most pervasive hypotheses put forth to account for a wide range of human behaviors. This dissertation describes a series ... -
On the Determinants of Human Spatial Organization
(University of Waterloo, 2020-09-15)Humans routinely organize and reorganize their environments, such as keeping one’s bookshelves tidy or placing important documents in obvious locations to avoid forgetting about them. Spatial organization is widely thought ... -
On the Effects of Disfluency in Complex Cognitive Tasks
(University of Waterloo, 2017-05-10)While much previous research has suggested that decreased transcription fluency has a detrimental effect on writing, there is recent evidence that decreased fluency can actually benefit cognitive processing. Across a series ... -
On the effects of offloading memory on memory performance
(University of Waterloo, 2020-07-06)The use of external aids to reduce cognitive demands is known as cognitive offloading. I present five preregistered experiments aimed at better understanding the effects of cognitive offloading on memory performance. The ... -
On the mnemonic benefits of drawing
(University of Waterloo, 2017-08-02)Researchers have long sought to explore means through which the amount, and quality of information one is able to remember can be improved. Attention has been paid variously to multimodal encoding, visual learning, and ...