Browsing Psychology by Title
Now showing items 52-71 of 577
-
Can children use probability to guide their choices under uncertainty?
(University of Waterloo, 2022-09-01)We encounter situations in our everyday lives where we need to make decisions under uncertainty. But what kind of information do we use and what abilities are helpful to us when making decisions under uncertainty? In three ... -
Can the "Strength of Connections" Account Explain Picture and Word Naming and Categorization Data?
(University of Waterloo, 2015-02-11)Potter and Faulconer (1975) reported that participants were faster to read words aloud than they were to name pictures, but were faster to categorize pictures than words. They took this as falsification of an account in ... -
Capturing Dynamic Fluctuations in Remembered Momentary Attentional States
(University of Waterloo, 2022-08-11)States of attention such as engagement and mind-wandering fluctuate dynamically over time. Although aggregate retrospective reports of attention have been used in prior research, the full nature of people’s remembered ... -
Characterizing Cognitive Control
(University of Waterloo, 2011-06-09)A series of experiments examined both the phenomenological nature and centrality of Cognitive Control in common cognitive paradigms. This was done primarily by employing manipulations of Congruency Proportion (CP), ... -
Characterizing Colour-Word Contingency Learning
(University of Waterloo, 2015-04-28)Contingencies are constantly found in everyday situations and humans are extraordinarily adept at learning them, whether implicitly or explicitly. The learning of contingencies can benefit behaviour in many ways, some ... -
Characterizing the Psychophysiological Signature of Boredom
(University of Waterloo, 2010-08-31)Recent research has suggested that boredom is a construct that can be distinguished from similar affective states including apathy, anhedonia, and depression, using self-reports. The current study investigated whether ... -
Charting the path from self-reflection to self-appraisal in social anxiety: What are the roles of self-immersion and self-distancing?
(University of Waterloo, 2013-08-28)Past studies have suggested that individuals who adopt a psychologically immersed, as opposed to a psychologically distanced perspective when reflecting on negative emotional experiences, tend to experience greater negative ... -
Children accept information from incongruent speakers when the context explains the communicative incongruence
(Elsevier, 2019-07-30)Past work has shown that children are less likely to solicit information from speakers who use incongruent communicative cues (i.e., demonstrate an emotion nonverbally that differs from the emotional valence of the words) ... -
Children prefer to acquire information from unambiguous speakers
(University of Waterloo, 2011-08-31)Detecting ambiguity is essential for successful communication. Two studies investigated whether preschool- (4- to 5-year-old) and school-age (6- to 7-year-old) children show sensitivity to communicative ambiguity and can ... -
Children use ownership to understand actions and preferences
(University of Waterloo, 2019-07-19)Actions are often dictated by an individual’s desires. While this may be appropriate in many situations, there are important exceptions, such as when an individual desires someone else’s property. Across three papers, this ... -
Children use probability to infer other people’s emotions
(University of Waterloo, 2020-12-09)People’s emotional reactions often depend on probability. However, it is unknown whether children consider probability when inferring other people’s emotions. Across three papers, this dissertation shows that children (N ... -
Children's Ability to Navigate Competitive Contexts- The Role of Gender and Socio-Cognitive Skills
(University of Waterloo, 2019-08-22)A crucial aspect of children’s development is learning to navigate the diverse contexts within their social world. Competitive contexts are unique in that individuals must attempt to perform well or win, but also maintain ... -
Children's and Adults' Reasoning in Property Entitlement Disputes
(University of Waterloo, 2011-07-20)An understanding of ownership is an important aspect of child development because it helps to promote harmonious social interactions. People are typically restricted from using objects belonging to others. Respecting others’ ... -
Children's Communicative Decisions Are Influenced by Gender, Shyness, and Peer Experiences
(Wayne State University Press, 2020-01)The present study examined how school-age children's communicative decisions are influenced by the situation, their social partner, and their own characteristics (gender, shyness levels, and history of peer relationships). ... -
Children's Competence with Listener Dependent Prosodic Modifications
(University of Waterloo, 2016-11-04)A key component of communicative development is learning that different listeners are spoken to in different ways. Mature communicators not only adjust what they say when addressing children versus adults, for example, but ... -
Children's reactions to inequality: Associations with empathy and parental teaching
(Elsevier, 2020-09-24)While children generally prefer equal distributions of resources, we know little about the contextual and individual variability in these preferences. The present work examined experimental manipulations and associations ... -
Children's Selective Trust in Informants: The Role of Speech Characteristics
(University of Waterloo, 2021-10-01)The main way children learn new information is through other people. However, not all people have information that is valuable and useful to them. Research suggests that children pay attention to many cues to help them ... -
Children's sharing with collaborators versus competitors: The impact of theory of mind and executive functioning
(Elsevier, 2018-09-07)While children show an appreciation for fairness, their sharing does not always reflect such principles. This work examined how contextual factors (competition/cooperation; self/other perspective) and socio-cognitive skills ... -
Chivalry is far from dead: Misperceiving the link between men's benevolent and hostile sexism
(University of Waterloo, 2018-04-30)Although prejudice has traditionally been conceptualized as a univalent antipathy towards a social group, sexist prejudice represents a more nuanced ambivalent attitude that mixes both hostile and benevolent elements. ... -
Choosing what to read out loud while studying: The role of agency in production
(University of Waterloo, 2020-11-20)Both the acts of reading aloud (the production effect) and of making a choice are known to be beneficial for memory, however these benefits are yet to be established outside of typical laboratory settings. In this dissertation, ...